腹腔镜肝切除联合脾动脉结扎术治疗肝癌合并门脉高压症的疗效分析

目的 探讨腹腔镜肝切除联合脾动脉结扎术治疗肝癌合并门脉高压症患者的安全性及有效性。方法 2018年2月至2020年2月我院共手术治疗的28例原发性肝细胞肝癌合并肝炎后肝硬化、门脉高压症及脾功能亢进患者,在腹腔镜下先行脾动脉主干结扎、然后再行肝癌的切除,其中局部不规则切除19例、左肝外叶切除9例。回顾性分析患者的一般资料、手术过程、术后恢复及随访结果进行。结果 28例手术均获成功,手术平均时间（102±40）min,术中出血量（71.07±79.41）mL,术后平均住院日（6.93±2.90）d。围手术期无死亡病例。术后无脾脓肿及肝衰竭等并发症发生,有5例腹水、2例胸腔积液、1例胆瘘、1例肺炎,均经非手术治疗后好转出院。白细胞及血小板计数术后1周恢复正常,至术后12个月仍维持在正常范围。截至2021年2月,门诊及电话随访12~36月,肝脏肿瘤再发3例次行射频消融治疗,多发肝内外转移死亡1例,上消化道出血死亡1例,失访1例。结论 腹腔镜下肝癌切除联合脾动脉结扎术治疗肝功能相对较差的肝癌合并门静脉高压症脾功能亢进患者是安全可行的,且具有微创的优势。     

Peripheral blood inflammatory markers in predicting prognosis in patients with COVID‐19. Some differences with influenza A

BackgroundTo evaluate the ability of peripheral blood inflammatory markers in predicating the typing of COVID‐19, prognosis, and some differences between COVID‐19 and influenza A patients.MethodsClinical data on 285 cases laboratory‐confirmed as SARS‐CoV‐2 infection were obtained from a Wuhan local hospital''s electronic medical records according to previously designed standardized data collection forms. Additional 446 Influenza A outpatients’ hematologic data were enrolled for comparison.ResultsNLR, SII, RLR, PLR, HsCRP, and IL‐6 were significant higher and LMR was lower in severe COVID‐19 patients than in mild COVID‐19 patients (p < .001). PLR and LMR were lower in the individuals with influenza A than those with COVID‐19 (p < .01). COVID‐19 patients with higher levels of NLR, SII, RLR, PLR, HsCRP, and IL‐6 and lower LMR were significantly associated with the severe type. AUC of NLR (0.76) was larger while the specificity of IL‐6 (86%) and sensitivity of HsCRP (89%) were higher than other inflammatory markers in predicating the typing of COVID‐19. PT had obvious correlation with all the inflammatory markers except RPR. NLR showed positive correlations with AST, TP, BUN, CREA, PT, and D‐dimer. Patients with high IL‐6 levels have a relatively worse prognosis (HR = 2.30).ConclusionPeripheral blood inflammatory markers reflected the intensity of inflammation and associated with severity of COVID‐19.NLR was more useful to predict severity as well as IL‐6 to predict prognosis of COVID‐19. PLR and LMR were initially found to be higher in SARS‐CoV‐2 virus‐infected group than in influenza A.     

Loss of GRB2 associated binding protein 1 in arteriosclerosis obliterans promotes host autophagy

Background:Arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) is a major cause of adult limb loss worldwide. Autophagy of vascular endothelial cell (VEC) contributes to the ASO progression. However, the molecular mechanism that controls VEC autophagy remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of the GRB2 associated binding protein 1 (GAB1) in regulating VEC autophagy.Methods:In vivo and in vitro studies were applied to determine the loss of adapt protein GAB1 in association with ASO progression. Histological GAB1 expression was measured in sclerotic vascular intima and normal vascular intima. Gain- and loss-of-function of GAB1 were applied in VEC to determine the effect and potential downstream signaling of GAB1.Results:The autophagy repressor p62 was significantly downregulated in ASO intima as compared to that in healthy donor (0.80 vs. 0.20, t = 6.43, P < 0.05). The expression level of GAB1 mRNA (1.00 vs. 0.24, t = 7.41, P < 0.05) and protein (0.72 vs. 0.21, t = 5.97, P < 0.05) was significantly decreased in ASO group as compared with the control group. Loss of GAB1 led to a remarkable decrease in LC3II (1.19 vs. 0.68, t = 5.99, P < 0.05), whereas overexpression of GAB1 significantly led to a decrease in LC3II level (0.41 vs. 0.93, t = 7.12, P < 0.05). Phosphorylation levels of JNK and p38 were significantly associated with gain- and loss-of-function of GAB1 protein.Conclusion:Loss of GAB1 promotes VEC autophagy which is associated with ASO. GAB1 and its downstream signaling might be potential therapeutic targets for ASO treatment.     

基于计划行为理论的孕妇关于婴儿睡眠安全行为意向影响因素研究

目的 探究孕妇关于婴儿睡眠安全实践意向的影响因素。方法 本研究采用方便抽样选取青岛市某三甲医院四个院区来院孕检的孕妇，使用基于计划行为理论的自编问卷，调查其对于婴儿睡眠安全的行为态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制及行为意向，应用多元线性回归分析其行为意向的影响因素。结果 孕妇对于婴儿睡眠安全的行为态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制及行为意向得分分别为(22.26±5.27)、(16.65±4.17)、(13.35±4.23)、(20.77±5.62)分。是否为独生子女(t = - 3.555, P＜0.001)，年龄(F = 3.764, P = 0.011)、文化程度(F = 5.983, P＜0.001)、居住地(F = 5.865, P = 0.003)和家庭人均月收入(F = 8.485, P＜0.001)不同的孕妇关于婴儿睡眠安全的行为意向有统计学差异。多元线性回归分析结果示文化程度(β = 0.655, t = 3.659, P＜0.001)、是否为独生子女(β = 1.214, t = 3.131, P = 0.002)、行为态度(β = 0.373, t = 9.598, P＜0.001)、主观规范(β = 0.328, t = 6.426, P＜0.001)及知觉行为控制(β = 0.231, t = 5.371, P＜0.001)是行为意向的主要影响因素。结论 孕妇对于婴儿睡眠安全实践的认知及行为意向较积极，但其知觉行为控制力有待提高。孕期健康教育应增加婴儿睡眠安全内容，提高孕妇对其认知及自我效能感，展开公众教育以增强孕妇的社会支持，改善其与婴儿睡眠有关的养育行为。     

全结构化电子护理记录单的开发与临床应用评价

目的开发全结构化电子护理记录单,评价其应用效果。方法设计全结构化电子护理记录单并在南院区投入使用,北院区仍采用自由文本输入的方式记录电子护理记录单。实施1年后从2个院区各抽取230份出院病历对比护理记录,通过查看录像资料对比护士的记录效率。结果南院区护理记录结构正确率、符合专科护理指南率、护理诊断/评价及护理措施记录量与合格率显著高于北院区(均P<0.01);2个院区相同科室(内分泌科、儿科除外)护理记录时间比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论全结构化电子护理记录单能提高护理书写质量和数据质量,但用于部分专科会增加记录时间,仍需要进一步优化。     

安徽省儿童青少年高血压与体脂百分比关联性研究

目的 了解安徽省儿童青少年高血压的检出情况,分析其与体脂百分比的关联性。方法 对安徽省8 890名7~17岁中小学生进行了血压和皮褶厚度的测量,参考《中国高血压防治指南(2010年修订版)》中儿童高血压诊断标准评价儿童高血压情况,通过皮褶厚度计算体脂百分比。采用t检验、χ²检验和logistic回归分析体脂百分比与高血压的关联。结果 安徽省7~17岁中小学生高血压患病总人数(率)为1 210人(13.6%)。城市男生高血压患病率高于乡村男生,城市女生高血压总患病率高于乡村女生,城市男生高血压患病率高于城市女生,乡村男生高血压患病率高于乡村女生,差异均有统计学意义(χ²值分别为36.36、7.79、42.10和13.77,P<0.01)。城市男生体脂百分比高于乡村男生,城市女生显著高于乡村女生,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男女生在P₄₀~组和P₆₀~组OR值分别为1.65(95% CI:1.12~2.45)和1.75(1.27~2.42),男女生分别从体脂百分比P₄₀和P₆₀开始患病风险明显增加,且男女生的高血压患病风险总体上随着体脂百分比的增加而上升。结论 高体脂百分比会增加儿童青少年高血压患病风险。     

腹腔镜下宫外孕手术的护理体会

目的探讨腹腔镜下宫外孕手术的护理方法。方法对我院2012年12月~2014年1月行腹腔镜治疗宫外孕手术的30例患者的临床资料进行分析,总结护理方法。结果本组患者经治疗和有效护理,均痊愈出院,平均住院6 d,无并发症发生。结论对宫外孕手术患者围手术期进行有效的护理,可以提高手术的治疗效果,减少术后并发症。     

Publishing in open access era: focus on respiratory journals

We have entered an open access publishing era. The impact and significance of open access is still under debate after two decades of evolution. Open access journals benefit researchers and the general public by promoting visibility, sharing and communicating. Non-mainstream journals should turn the challenge of open access into opportunity of presenting best research articles to the global readership. Open access journals need to optimize their business models to promote the healthy and continuous development.